{"id":225,"date":"2013-03-21T16:42:10","date_gmt":"2013-03-21T16:42:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/?page_id=225"},"modified":"2021-05-30T14:04:12","modified_gmt":"2021-05-30T14:04:12","slug":"chthonius-halberti-halberts-chthonid","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/?page_id=225","title":{"rendered":"Chthonius halberti, Halbert&#8217;s Chthoniid"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Chthonius halberti<\/em>, Halbert's Chthoniid<\/strong> [ex Kewochthonius halberti]<br>The cephalothorax and opisthosoma are yellow-brown to reddish-brown, pedipalps and chelicerae brown; length of body 1.2 mm.<br>Distribution<br><em>Chthonius halberti<\/em> has been recorded in: Ireland, England and France. In Ireland it was first recorded in 1915 at Malahide, County Dublin, where it was found beneath stones on the seashore between the levels of orange lichens and <em>Pelvetia canaliculata<\/em> (just above high-water mark). H. W. Kew collected two specimens which were believed to be the same species at Axmouth in Devon, under stones on the beach near and below the high-water mark (Muchmore 1968). Attempts in recent years to find the species at both localities have proven unsuccessful. More recently, July 2016, a specimen was found at Kimmeridge Bay, Dorset beneath a large bolder. Further investigations of this site and adjacent beaches have provided further specimens. See <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/uk-england-dorset-36774852\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a news item<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beier\u2019s (1963) description of <em>K. halberti<\/em> is based upon specimens from the south coast of France and this description does not fit the type specimens of <em>K. halberti<\/em> in the National Museum of Ireland, Dublin (Muchmore 1968). <em>K. halberti<\/em> is considered by some authors to be the type species of the genus <em>Kewochthonius<\/em>, and in 1968 Muchmore redescribed <em>K. halberti<\/em> using the Irish and Devon material. Evans and Browning (1954) give the group subgeneric status, using the name Neochthonius, but this is incorrect on grounds of page priority. Harvey considers it as <em>Chthonius<\/em>.<br>For further information see Mark Harvey, <a href=\"p\">Pseudoscorpions of the World.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft\"><a href=\"\/\/?attachment_id=3893\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3893\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"371\" height=\"522\" src=\"http:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/ukCoastalWildlife.jpg\" alt=\"Chthonius halberti; original photograph \u00a9 Steve Trewhella\/UK Coastal Wildlife\" class=\"wp-image-3893\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/ukCoastalWildlife.jpg 371w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/ukCoastalWildlife-213x300.jpg 213w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 371px) 100vw, 371px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Chthonius halberti; original photograph \u00a9 Steve Trewhella\/UK Coastal Wildlife<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft\"><a href=\"\/\/?attachment_id=3895\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3895\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"1177\" src=\"http:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chth-halb_Liam1.jpg\" alt=\"Chthonius halberti; original photograph \u00a9 Liam Andrews. \" class=\"wp-image-3895\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chth-halb_Liam1.jpg 850w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chth-halb_Liam1-217x300.jpg 217w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chth-halb_Liam1-768x1063.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chth-halb_Liam1-740x1024.jpg 740w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Chthonius halberti; original photograph \u00a9 Liam Andrews.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft\"><a href=\"\/\/?attachment_id=3894\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3894\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"1343\" src=\"http:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthalb_prosoma-cheliceraeW.jpg\" alt=\"Chthonius halberti, prosma and chelicerae. Note fairly prominent epistome.\" class=\"wp-image-3894\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthalb_prosoma-cheliceraeW.jpg 850w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthalb_prosoma-cheliceraeW-190x300.jpg 190w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthalb_prosoma-cheliceraeW-768x1213.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthalb_prosoma-cheliceraeW-648x1024.jpg 648w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Chthonius halberti, prosoma and chelicerae. Note fairly prominent epistome.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft\"><a href=\"\/\/?attachment_id=3896\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3896\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"334\" src=\"http:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthhalb_palp1.jpg\" alt=\"Pedipalp of Chthonius halberti\" class=\"wp-image-3896\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthhalb_palp1.jpg 850w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthhalb_palp1-300x118.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthhalb_palp1-768x302.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthhalb_palp1-500x196.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Pedipalp of Chthonius halberti<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft\"><a href=\"\/\/?attachment_id=3892\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3892\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"638\" src=\"\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthhal_pedi_teethW.jpg\" alt=\"Chthonius halberti showing teeth. Note they are closely set and not pointed unlike other Chthonids.\" class=\"wp-image-3892\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthhal_pedi_teethW.jpg 850w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthhal_pedi_teethW-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthhal_pedi_teethW-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/chthhal_pedi_teethW-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Chthonius halberti showing teeth. Note they are closely set and not pointed unlike other Chthonids.<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">UK &amp; Ireland Distribution Map<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"\/\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/03\/Kewochth_halb.gif\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/w-2021-zoomed-Chthonius-halberti.jpg\" alt=\"Kewochthonius halberti\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Should you wish to contact me:<br>    <script type=\"text\/javascript\">      function contactformOnload2() {        if (navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf('msie') != -1) {          if (parseInt(navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().split('msie')[1]) === 8) {            jQuery(\"#contactform2\").find(jQuery(\"input[type='radio']\")).click(function() {jQuery(\"input[type='radio']+label\").removeClass('if-ie-div-label'); 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italic;\tmargin: 0px 0px 0px 40px;\tdisplay: inline-block;\tline-height: 27px;\theight: 27px;\tvertical-align: middle;}.contactform2 .wdform_button button {\tbackground: #4D792C;\tcursor: pointer;\tfont-size: 17px;\tborder-radius: 0px;\tmin-width: 80px;\tmin-height: 31px;\tcolor: #fff;\tborder: 2px solid #68943B;\tmargin: 5px;\tbox-shadow: 0px 0px 2px #c9c9c9;\tfont-family: Segoe UI;}.contactform2 <\/style><form name=\"contactform2\" action=\"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fpages%2F225\" method=\"post\" id=\"contactform2\" class=\"contactform2\" enctype=\"multipart\/form-data\" onsubmit=\"check_required('submit', '2'); return false;\">      <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"counter2\" value=\"34\" name=\"counter2\" \/>      <input type=\"hidden\" id=\"Itemid2\" value=\"\" name=\"Itemid2\" \/>    <input type=\"text\" class=\"cfm-hide\" id=\"cfm_bot_validation2\" value=\"\" name=\"cfm_bot_validation2\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" id=\"cfm_nonce2\" name=\"cfm_nonce2\" value=\"8eefec88e3\" \/><input type=\"hidden\" name=\"_wp_http_referer\" value=\"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fpages%2F225\" \/><div class=\"wdform-page-and-images\" style=\"display:table; border-top:0px solid black;\"><div id=\"2contactform_view1\" class=\"wdform_page\" page_title=\"Untitled page\" next_title=\"Next\" next_type=\"text\" next_class=\"wdform-page-button\" next_checkable=\"false\" previous_title=\"Previous\" previous_type=\"text\" previous_class=\"wdform-page-button\" previous_checkable=\"false\"><div class=\"wdform_section\"><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><\/div><div wdid=\"1\" type=\"type_section_break\" class=\"wdform_tr_section_break\"><div type=\"type_section_break\" class=\"wdform-field-section-break\"><div class=\"wdform_section_break\"><p>You can use this form to contact me:<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wdform_section\"><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><div wdid=\"3\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" style=\"opacity: 1;\"><div type=\"type_name\" class=\"wdform-field\"  style=\"width:460px\"><div class=\"wdform-label-section\" style=\"float: left;; width: 100px;\"><span class=\"wdform-label\">Name:<\/span><span class=\"wdform-required\">*<\/span><\/div>              <div class=\"wdform-element-section \" style=\" width: 360px;\">                <div style=\"display: table-cell; width:50%\">                  <div><input type=\"text\" class=\"input_deactive\"name=\"wdform_3_element_first2\" value=\"\" title=\"\"  style=\"width: 100%;\"><\/div>                  <div><label class=\"mini_label\">First<\/label><\/div>                <\/div>                <div style=\"display:table-cell;\"><div style=\"margin: 0px 8px; padding: 0px;\"><\/div><\/div>                <div  style=\"display: table-cell; width:50%\">                  <div><input type=\"text\" class=\"input_deactive\" name=\"wdform_3_element_last2\" value=\"\" title=\"\" style=\"width: 100%;\" ><\/div>                  <div><label class=\"mini_label\">Last<\/label><\/div>                <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div wdid=\"4\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\"><div type=\"type_submitter_mail\" class=\"wdform-field\"  style=\"width:460px\"><div class=\"wdform-label-section\" style=\"float: left;; width: 100px;\"><span class=\"wdform-label\">E-mail:<\/span><span class=\"wdform-required\">*<\/span><\/div><div class=\"wdform-element-section \" style=\" width: 360px;\"><input type=\"text\" class=\"input_deactive\" id=\"wdform_4_element2\" name=\"wdform_4_element2\" value=\"someone@example.com\" title=\"someone@example.com\"  style=\"width: 100%;\" ><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"opacity: 0.4;\" disabled=\"yes\" wdid=\"7\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\"><\/div><div disabled=\"yes\" wdid=\"8\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\"><\/div><div disabled=\"yes\" wdid=\"15\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\"><\/div><div style=\"opacity: 1;\" wdid=\"22\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\"><div type=\"type_text\" class=\"wdform-field\" style=\"width:470px\"><div class=\"wdform-label-section\" style=\"float: left; width: 100px;\"><span class=\"wdform-label\">Subject:<\/span><span class=\"wdform-required\">*<\/span><\/div><div class=\"wdform-element-section\" style=\" width: 360px;\"  ><input type=\"text\" class=\"input_deactive\" id=\"wdform_22_element2\" name=\"wdform_22_element2\" value=\"\" title=\"\"  style=\"width: 100%;\" ><\/div><\/div><\/div><div disabled=\"yes\" wdid=\"26\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\"><\/div><div wdid=\"23\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\"><div type=\"type_textarea\" class=\"wdform-field\"  style=\"width:470px\"><div class=\"wdform-label-section\" style=\"float: left;; width: 100px;\"><span class=\"wdform-label\">Details:<\/span><\/div><div class=\"wdform-element-section \" style=\" width: 360px\"><textarea class=\"input_deactive\" id=\"wdform_23_element2\" name=\"wdform_23_element2\" title=\"\"  style=\"width: 100%; height: 100px;\" ><\/textarea><\/div><\/div><\/div><div wdid=\"25\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\" disabled=\"yes\"><\/div><div wdid=\"27\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\"><div type=\"type_send_copy\" class=\"wdform-field\"><div class=\"wdform-label-section\" style=\"float: left; width: 260px;\"><span class=\"wdform-label\"><label for=\"wdform_27_element2\">Send a copy of this message to yourself:<\/label><\/span><\/div>              <div class=\"wdform-element-section\" style=\"min-width:inherit !important; \" >                <div class=\"checkbox-div\" style=\"left:3px\">                <input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"wdform_27_element2\" name=\"wdform_27_element2\"  \/>                <label for=\"wdform_27_element2\"><\/label>                <\/div>              <\/div><\/div><\/div><div wdid=\"28\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" style=\"opacity: 1;\"><div type=\"type_captcha\" class=\"wdform-field\"><div class=\"wdform-label-section\" style=\" width: 250px;\"><span class=\"wdform-label\">Type the characters you see here:<\/span><\/div><div class=\"wdform-element-section \" style=\"display: block;\"><div style=\"display: table;\"><div style=\"display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;\"><div valign=\"middle\" style=\"display: table-cell; text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" type=\"captcha\" digit=\"6\" src=\" https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php?action=ContactFormmakerwdcaptcha&nonce=6bc28f3fb3&digit=6&i=2\" id=\"wd_captcha2\" class=\"captcha_img\" style=\"display:none\" ><\/div><div valign=\"middle\" style=\"display: table-cell;\"><div class=\"captcha_refresh\" id=\"_element_refresh2\" ><\/div><\/div><\/div><div style=\"display: table-cell;vertical-align: middle;\"><div style=\"display: table-cell;\"><input type=\"text\" class=\"captcha_input\" id=\"wd_captcha_input2\" name=\"captcha_input\" style=\"width: 75px;\" ><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div wdid=\"30\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\"><div type=\"type_submit_reset\" class=\"wdform-field\"><div class=\"wdform-label-section\" style=\"display: table-cell;\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform-element-section \" style=\"display: table-cell;\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"button-submit\" onclick=\"check_required2(&quot;submit&quot;, &quot;2&quot;);\" >Submit<\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"button-reset\" onclick=\"check_required2(&quot;reset&quot;);\"  >Reset<\/button><\/div><\/div><\/div><div wdid=\"31\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" style=\"opacity: 1;\"><div type=\"type_editor\" class=\"wdform-field\"><p><span style=\"color: rgb(153, 0, 0); font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: normal; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 244);\">* Indicates required fields<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div wdid=\"2\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\" disabled=\"yes\"><\/div><div wdid=\"5\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" disabled=\"yes\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\"><\/div><div wdid=\"6\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" disabled=\"yes\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\"><\/div><div wdid=\"16\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" disabled=\"yes\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\"><\/div><div wdid=\"9\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" disabled=\"yes\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\"><\/div><div wdid=\"24\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\" disabled=\"yes\"><\/div><div wdid=\"29\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\" disabled=\"yes\"><\/div><div wdid=\"33\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" disabled=\"yes\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\"><\/div><div wdid=\"32\" class=\"wdform_row ui-sortable-handle\" disabled=\"yes\" style=\"opacity: 0.4;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><div class=\"wdform_column ui-sortable\"><\/div><\/div><div valign=\"top\" class=\"wdform_footer\" style=\"width: 100%;\"><div style=\"width: 100%;\"><div style=\"width: 100%; display: table;\"><div style=\"display: table-row-group;\"><div id=\"2contactpage_nav1\" style=\"display: table-row;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wdform_preload\"><\/div><\/form><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\" rel=\"license\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/i.creativecommons.org\/l\/by-sa\/3.0\/80x15.png\" alt=\"Creative Commons License\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unless otherwise stated all images are Copyright of <strong>Gerald Legg, <em>naturaimaging<\/em><\/strong>. If you would like to use any images, then high resolution ones can be obtained by contacting me.<br><br>This work is licensed under a <a href=\"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/\" rel=\"license\">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chthonius halberti, Halbert's Chthoniid [ex Kewochthonius halberti]The cephalothorax and opisthosoma are yellow-brown to reddish-brown, pedipalps and chelicerae brown; length of body 1.2 mm.DistributionChthonius halberti has been recorded in: Ireland, England and France. In Ireland it was first recorded in 1915 at Malahide, County Dublin, where it was found beneath stones on the seashore between the <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/?page_id=225\">...continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-225","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Chthonius halberti, Halbert&#039;s Chthoniid - chelifer.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.chelifer.com\/?page_id=225\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chthonius halberti, Halbert&#039;s Chthoniid - chelifer.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Chthonius halberti, Halbert&#039;s Chthoniid [ex Kewochthonius halberti]The cephalothorax and opisthosoma are yellow-brown to reddish-brown, pedipalps and chelicerae brown; length of body 1.2 mm.DistributionChthonius halberti has been recorded in: Ireland, England and France. 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